**Avian Influenza Surveillance Dashboard Update** The USDA's Wild Bird Avian Influenza Surveillance Dashboard will be updated weekly on Wednesdays to reflect the latest data on avian influenza in North America. **New CDC Recommendations** The CDC has developed new interim recommendations for the prevention, monitoring, and public health response to avian influenza. These recommendations are based on the latest scientific data and best practices. **What is Avian Influenza?** Avian influenza (AI) is caused by an influenza type A virus that can infect poultry and other birds. The virus can cause a range of clinical signs, from mild respiratory symptoms to severe disease and death. **Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza** The USDA is currently tracking the distribution of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in North America. HPAI is a highly contagious and deadly form of AI that can cause significant economic losses to the poultry industry. **USDA Resources** The USDA provides a variety of resources on avian influenza, including information on prevention, control, and response. These resources are available online at the USDA website. **For More Information** For more information on avian influenza, please visit the following websites: * USDA Wild Bird Avian Influenza Surveillance Dashboard: https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/wild-birds * CDC Avian Influenza: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/index.htm * USDA Avian Influenza: https://www.usda.gov/avian-influenza
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**Avian Influenza Surveillance Dashboard Update** The USDA's Wild Bird Avian Influenza Surveillance Dashboard will be updated weekly on Wednesdays to reflect the latest data on avian influenza in North America. **New CDC Recommendations** The CDC has developed new interim recommendations for the prevention, monitoring, and public health response to avian influenza. These recommendations are based on the latest scientific data and best practices. **What is Avian Influenza?** Avian influenza (AI) is caused by an influenza type A virus that can infect poultry and other birds. The virus can cause a range of clinical signs, from mild respiratory symptoms to severe disease and death. **Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza** The USDA is currently tracking the distribution of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in North America. HPAI is a highly contagious and deadly form of AI that can cause significant economic losses to the poultry industry. **USDA Resources** The USDA provides a variety of resources on avian influenza, including information on prevention, control, and response. These resources are available online at the USDA website. **For More Information** For more information on avian influenza, please visit the following websites: * USDA Wild Bird Avian Influenza Surveillance Dashboard: https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/wild-birds * CDC Avian Influenza: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/index.htm * USDA Avian Influenza: https://www.usda.gov/avian-influenza
**Avian Influenza Outbreak Affects Dairy Cows in the US** **April 3, 2024** An outbreak of avian influenza, commonly known as bird flu, is affecting dairy cows in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has confirmed the presence of highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses H5, H7, and H9 in dairy cattle. According to the CDC, avian influenza viruses can cause severe illness and death in poultry and other birds. However, human infections with these viruses are uncommon, although they have occurred sporadically worldwide. Scientists are closely monitoring the ongoing global avian influenza outbreak, which has resulted in the death of millions of birds. The CDC's H5N1 Bird Flu Technical Reports provide the latest information on this outbreak. The spread of avian influenza in dairy cows raises concerns about potential transmission to humans through the consumption of contaminated dairy products. However, there is currently no evidence to suggest that this is occurring. Dairy farmers are advised to implement strict biosecurity measures to prevent the spread of the virus to their herds. These measures include: * Restricting access to poultry and other birds * Using personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling livestock * Disinfecting equipment and surfaces regularly * Vaccinating cattle against avian influenza The CDC recommends that people avoid contact with sick birds and poultry products that may be contaminated with the virus. If you have any symptoms of avian influenza, such as fever, cough, or shortness of breath, contact your healthcare provider immediately. The USDA and state animal health officials are working to contain the outbreak and prevent its further spread. Consumers are advised to follow the CDC's recommendations for safe handling and consumption of dairy products.
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**Deadly H5N1 Bird Flu Emerges in China** In 1996, a highly pathogenic avian influenza strain known as H5N1 was first discovered in domestic waterfowl in Southern China. The virus quickly spread, leading to outbreaks in poultry in 1997. In recent years, H5N1 has re-emerged as a significant threat to both poultry and humans. In 2022-2023, South Korea's national wild bird surveillance program detected 174 cases of highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses. **Outbreak Affects Dairy Cows in the US** The virus has also been found in dairy cows in the United States, raising concerns among scientists. This spread has been described as startling, given the global tracking of the virus. **Historical Context** The Asian H5N1 virus first came to attention in 1996 in Guangdong Province, China, where it caused the death of geese. However, it did not gain widespread recognition until it began spreading through live-poultry markets. **Public Health Implications** H5N1 is a serious threat to human health. While human infections are relatively rare, the virus has a high mortality rate in those who do become infected. It is important for people to take precautions to protect themselves from exposure to H5N1, including avoiding contact with infected poultry or poultry products. Researchers are working to develop vaccines and treatments for H5N1, but the virus remains a significant public health concern.
**H5N1 Pandemic Risk: Low Probability, High Impact** **[April 3, 2024]** - A recent report highlights the potential risks of an H5N1 pandemic, emphasizing its low probability but high human health impact. Here are key points from the report: * **Ecology and Evolution:** Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses have evolved and adapted over time, increasing their transmissibility and pathogenicity in birds. * **Pandemic Risk:** While a pandemic is unlikely, it poses a significant threat to global public health due to the potential for rapid spread and high mortality rates. * **Human Disease:** H5N1 infections in humans are rare, but can be severe and lead to respiratory failure. Understanding human susceptibility and immune response is crucial for pandemic preparedness. * **Risk Indicators:** Signals that could raise public health concerns include multiple simultaneous human infections after exposure to birds or animals, indicating increased transmissibility or virulence. * **Public Health Response:** Preparedness efforts include surveillance, early detection, antiviral drugs, and vaccine development. Collaboration between public health agencies and researchers is essential for effective response. The report underscores the need for continued monitoring, scientific research, and pandemic preparedness measures to mitigate the potential risks associated with H5N1. While the probability of a pandemic remains low, its potential consequences are significant, requiring vigilance and proactive action.
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